Who can invest in the UK?
Investment into a UK business is still possible, although to secure a visa on that basis, it would require day-to day work / involvement in that business. Possible work-related routes are as follows:
1. Innovator Founder visa – this route is essentially the latest version of the ‘entrepreneur route’. With the closure of the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) category in 2019, this was replaced by the Start-up and Innovator categories before they were later amalgamated into the Innovator Founder Route in 2023. It is the only route left that allows entrepreneurs to come to the UK for the purpose of establishing an entirely new UK business or to contribute to an existing UK business. There are strict criteria for such a business – it has to be innovative, scalable and viable. Endorsement is required from an approved Endorsing Body who will assess the entrepreneur’s business plan against set criteria. The entrepreneur is expected to have a day-to-day role in the business and must contribute to implementing the business plan. It is important to remember that even if you are able to secure endorsement from one of the handful of providers, UKVI ultimately retain discretion over their consideration and could still refused the application. Some level of investment is needed to ultimately reach settlement, normally within 3 years.
2. Skilled Worker visa – this route was established in December 2020 to replace its predecessor, the Tier 2 (General) visa. One of the big changes at the time was the removal of the cap on shareholding for sponsored workers. This now means that someone who is the sole or majority shareholder of a UK company could in theory be sponsored by it. The UK company would already need to be an established business and hold a relevant sponsored licence. UKVI tend to scrutinise applications where the sponsored worker has significant shares in the company who will act as their sponsor and will focus on the genuine nature of the role. They want to be sure that such an application is not just a way to facilitate entry to the UK.
3. Expansion Worker visa – This lesser used route replaced the Representative of an Overseas Business route, which closed its doors to new applicants in April 2022. This allows a senior representative of a business operating overseas to open a branch or subsidiary in the UK. The overseas company would first of all have to secure a sponsor licence for the UK entity they intend to establish in the UK. The process can take significantly longer than under the Skilled Worker route and is prone to receiving additional requests for information from UKVI. Unlike the categories mentioned above, it is not a route that would lead to settlement in the UK and would normally only allow a worker to stay for a maximum of 24 months in total.